Basic Linux Commands: Difference between revisions
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= Linux Commands = | = Linux Commands = | ||
'''Linux command‑line tools''' are the backbone of reconnaissance, exploitation, and post‑exploitation on Unix‑like systems | '''Linux command‑line tools''' are the backbone of reconnaissance, exploitation, and post‑exploitation on Unix‑like systems. | ||
== <span id="commands"></span>Common Commands == | == <span id="commands"></span>Common Commands == | ||
Revision as of 18:06, 12 May 2025
Linux Commands
Linux command‑line tools are the backbone of reconnaissance, exploitation, and post‑exploitation on Unix‑like systems.
Common Commands
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
pwd |
Print working directory |
cd |
Change directory |
ls |
List directory contents |
mkdir |
Create directory |
rmdir |
Remove empty directory |
cp |
Copy files or directories |
mv |
Move or rename files/directories |
rm |
Delete files or directories |
Viewing & Text Processing
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
cat |
Concatenate & display files |
less |
Paginate large files |
head |
Show first lines of a file |
tail |
Show last lines / follow file |
grep |
Search for patterns |
System & User Info
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
whoami |
Show current user |
id |
Display user/group IDs |
df |
Disk usage overview |
history |
List previously executed commands |
Networking
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
ping |
Test network connectivity (ICMP) |
curl |
Retrieve data from URLs / APIs |
ssh |
Secure remote shell & tunnelling |
Help & Documentation
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
man |
Read manual pages |
echo |
Display text / variables |
Examples
Print Working Directory
pwdChange Directory
cd /var/wwwls -laCreate Directory
mkdir backupsRemove Empty Directory
rmdir backupsCopy File
cp secrets.txt /tmp/secrets.bakMove & Rename
mv old.log archive/old.logForce‑Delete Directory
rm -rf /tmp/testdirShow File Contents
cat /etc/passwd | grep ":/bin/bash"View Large Log
less /var/log/auth.logFirst 10 Lines
head -n 10 notes.txtFollow File Growth
tail -f /var/log/nginx/access.logSearch Pattern
grep -R \"passwd\" /etcCurrent User
whoamiUser & Group IDs
idHuman‑Readable Disk Usage
df -hShow Last 20 Commands
history | tail -n 20Ping Host 4 Times
ping -c 4 example.comDownload Web Page
curl -o index.html http://example.comSSH on Custom Port
ssh -p 2222 user@targetRead Manual Page
man sshWrite to File
echo \"hacked\" > /tmp/proof.txt