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Stateless vs Stateful Firewalls
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== Stateful Firewalls == {| class="wikitable" |- ! colspan="2" | How Stateful Firewalls Work |- | Description || Monitors full connection state β tracks open sessions and packet flow over time. |- | What it tracks || TCP flags (SYN, ACK, FIN), port pairs, and session durations. |- | Memory usage || Medium to high, depending on connection count. |- | Decision-making || Can dynamically allow responses to approved outgoing connections. |- | Strength || Detects abnormal connection behavior, spoofing, and protocol misuse. |} ; Example A client initiates a TCP request to a web server: The stateful firewall notes the outbound SYN, and when the SYN-ACK returns, itβs allowed even without an explicit inbound rule. ; Common Use Cases * Internal corporate firewalls * VPN gateways * Systems that need to analyze or log full connection behavior
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