Editing Basic Linux Commands

= Linux Commands =

'''Linux command-line tools''' are the building blocks of interaction, enumeration, file manipulation, and system control during any hacking operation. This page breaks down commonly used Linux commands, their usage, categories, and real-world hacking relevance.

== <span id="basics"></span>Essential Commands ==

=== Navigation ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Command !! Description !! Example
|-
| <code>pwd</code> || Show current working directory || <code>pwd</code>
|-
| <code>cd</code> || Change directory || <code>cd /etc</code>
|-
| <code>mkdir</code> || Create directory || <code>mkdir testdir</code>
|-
| <code>rmdir</code> || Remove empty directory || <code>rmdir testdir</code>
|}

=== File Operations ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Command !! Description !! Example
|-
| <code>ls</code> || List contents || <code>ls -la</code>
|-
| <code>cat</code> || View file contents || <code>cat /etc/passwd</code>
|-
| <code>less</code> || Scrollable file viewer || <code>less file.txt</code>
|-
| <code>head</code> || Show first lines || <code>head -n 10 log.txt</code>
|-
| <code>tail</code> || Show last lines || <code>tail -f log.txt</code>
|-
| <code>cp</code> || Copy file || <code>cp file.txt /tmp/</code>
|-
| <code>mv</code> || Move or rename file || <code>mv old.txt new.txt</code>
|-
| <code>rm</code> || Delete file || <code>rm secrets.txt</code>
|}

=== User Management ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Command !! Description !! Example
|-
| <code>whoami</code> || Print current user || <code>whoami</code>
|-
| <code>id</code> || Show user/group ID || <code>id</code>
|}

=== Permissions ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Command !! Description !! Example
|-
| <code>chmod</code> || Change file permissions || <code>chmod 755 script.sh</code>
|}

=== System Info ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Command !! Description !! Example
|-
| <code>df -h</code> || Disk usage || <code>df -h</code>
|}

== <span id="networking"></span>Networking ==

=== Connectivity Tools ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Command !! Description !! Example
|-
| <code>ping</code> || Send ICMP packets || <code>ping -c 4 google.com</code>
|-
| <code>curl</code> || Fetch URL/API data || <code>curl http://example.com</code>
|-
| <code>ssh</code> || Remote shell access || <code>ssh user@host</code>
|}

== <span id="searching"></span>Search & Output Manipulation ==

=== Text Processing ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Command !! Description !! Example
|-
| <code>grep</code> || Search for patterns || <code>grep root /etc/passwd</code>
|}

== <span id="help"></span>Help & Documentation ==

=== Learning a Command ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Command !! Description !! Example
|-
| <code>man</code> || Show manual page || <code>man nmap</code>
|-
| <code>echo</code> || Output text || <code>echo "Hello" > out.txt</code>
|-
| <code>history</code> || Show command history || <code>history</code>
|}

== Examples ==

=== <span id="ex-ssh"></span>SSH with Custom Port ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
ssh -p 2222 user@target
</syntaxhighlight>

=== <span id="ex-curl"></span>Fetch a Remote Web Page ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
curl http://example.com
</syntaxhighlight>

=== <span id="ex-chmod"></span>Make Script Executable ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
chmod +x exploit.sh
</syntaxhighlight>

=== <span id="ex-grep"></span>Search for Usernames ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
grep /bin/bash /etc/passwd
</syntaxhighlight>

== See Also ==
* [[Basic Windows Commands]]